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Stories are Software

Stories are Software

If you heard stories of loss and loss and loss and grief and loss and guilt and shame and sadness and loss, this would have an effect on your values, beliefs, nervous system, limbic system, reproductive system, stereo system...

I feel bad so lets put on depressing music when going through hard times so that stressful emotions can do more damage please.

So the stereo system gets effected when you hear stories of loss.

Focusing on loser stories wires the brain to get used to losing and to not flexing the 'winning muscles' in the brain.

Winning muscles?

If a person wins and loses at least they know what winning feels like.  They can get excited at the idea of winning again.  So the state of excitement is a practiced state of being or a winning muscle.
Dopamine!  Endorphins!  Yes!!!

On the other hand, if there is only losing stories, then there is no excitement.

There aren't any feel good states circulating.

Eventually this state of guilt, sadness, shame etc becomes further habituated.

We can become very skilled at feeling bad just from all the practicing!

The real kicker is that the brain becomes wired to feel bad more often than not and can't get to a feel good state for any sustainable time.  This is called anhedonia.

'Anhedonia' is the inability to experience pleasure in things normally rewarding.
'It's also a cardinal symptom of depression' - Aaron Heller

This was discovered in the research that led to the conclusion that 'depression saps endurance of the brain's reward circuitry.

Very bad!

circuiting
Bad brain, why you do that?

It was those stories of loss and worry cycling through over and over.
The stories we tell ourselves have an effect on the brain and consequently our behaviour!

Fortunately, software is re-writeable.

The brain has the ability to rewire itself in response to experience.
This is something you can use to your benefit or your detriment and everyone is doing it every day.  So how to give your brain the experiential learning that allows neuroplasticity to rewire your brain in better ways?

It has a large part with what stories you are telling yourself and how they end.

The stereo system sounds amazing now that the music is different.

And they danced.

Fin.

 

 

Meditation for Cultivating Resilience

Meditation for Cultivating Resilience

Richie Davidson is a neuroscientist and author of 'The Emotional Life of Your Brain', that decided to study the brain and in particular, happiness.  His work has recently been shown in several documentary films and he has also been a speaker with his holiness the Dalai Lama about meditation and neuroscience.

In this clip we can hear Richie talking about meditation and how it can change the brain to allow people to become more resilient.

"I have been studying the brain mechanisms that underlie emotions and variations among people in emotion.  And as part of this research we have been very interested in how we can transform our emotions in ways that are more beneficial to make people happier, to make them more resilient, to improve their well being, and to improve their health more generally."

One of the things that is striking when you look at humanity is the extraordinary diversity among people  and how they respond to the world around them.  How they respond to life's slings and arrows, how they respond to adversity.  Adversity happens to everyone.  It's something we can't avoid.  And what distinguishes among people is their emotional response to these kinds of challenges that they experience and over the last ten years in particular, we have been very interested in the role of meditation in the cultivation of more positive emotional qualities and the cultivation of resilience. "

'And so we have been interested in exploring how meditation changes the brain and how these changes in the brain may be responsible for and accompany changes that occur in consciousness, emotional reactions, in bodily processes for our physical health.  So we've been engaged in a very broad program of research to better understand how meditation practices can produce these kinds of beneficial changes.'  Richie Davidson Ph.D.

Even though there have been mental training strategies that have been extraordinary for helping to be more resilient, it is interesting to see what the next step is now that science can measure what is happening in the brain, how to change it and how to use advances in technology to merge all this together in the field of personal development.

Military Funds Brain-Computer Interfaces to Control Feelings

A $70 million program will try to develop brain implants able to regulate emotions in the mentally ill.

Brain reader: An array of micro-electrodes printed on plastic can record from the brain’s surface. It is 6.5 millimeters on a side.

Researcher Jose Carmena has worked for years training macaque monkeys to move computer cursors and robotic limbs with their minds. He does so by implanting electrodes into their brains to monitor neural activity. Now, as part of a sweeping $70 million program funded by the U.S. military, Carmena has a new goal: to use brain implants to read, and then control, the emotions of mentally ill people.

This week the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, awarded two large contracts to Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of California, San Francisco, to create electrical brain implants capable of treating seven psychiatric conditions, including addiction, depression, and borderline personality disorder.

The project builds on expanding knowledge about how the brain works; the development of microlectronic systems that can fit in the body; and substantial evidence that thoughts and actions can be altered with well-placed electrical impulses to the brain.

“Imagine if I have an addiction to alcohol and I have a craving,” says Carmena, who is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and involved in the UCSF-led project. “We could detect that feeling and then stimulate inside the brain to stop it from happening.”

The U.S. faces an epidemic of mental illness among veterans, including suicide rates three or four times that of the general public. But drugs and talk therapy are of limited use, which is why the military is turning to neurological devices, says Justin Sanchez, manager of the DARPA program, known as Subnets, for Systems-Based Neurotechnology for Emerging Therapies.

“We want to understand the brain networks [in] neuropsychiatric illness, develop technology to measure them, and then do precision signaling to the brain,” says Sanchez. “It’s something completely different and new. These devices don’t yet exist.”

Under the contracts, which are the largest awards so far supporting President Obama’s BRAIN Initiative, the brain-mapping program launched by the White House last year, UCSF will receive as much as $26 million and Mass General up to $30 million. Companies including the medical device giant Medtronic and startup Cortera Neurotechnologies, a spin-out from UC Berkeley’s wireless laboratory, will supply technology for the effort. Initial research will be in animals, but DARPA hopes to reach human tests within two or three years.

The research builds on a small but quickly growing market for devices that work by stimulating nerves, both inside the brain and outside it. More than 110,000 Parkinson’s patients have received deep-brain stimulators built by Medtronic that control body tremors by sending electric pulses into the brain. More recently, doctors have used such stimulators to treat severe cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (see “Brain Implants Can Reset Misfiring Circuits”). Last November, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration approved NeuroPace, the first implant that both records from the brain and stimulates it (see “Zapping Seizures Away”). It is used to watch for epileptic seizures and then stop them with electrical pulses. Altogether, U.S. doctors bill for about $2.6 billion worth of neural stimulation devices a year, according to industry estimates.

Researchers say they are making rapid improvements in electronics, including small, implantable computers. Under its program, Mass General will work with Draper Laboratories in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to develop new types of stimulators. The UCSF team is being supported by microelectronics and wireless researchers at UC Berkeley, who have created several prototypes of miniaturized brain implants. Michel Maharbiz, a professor in Berkeley’s electrical engineering department, says the Obama brain initiative, and now the DARPA money, has created a “feeding frenzy” around new technology. “It’s a great time to do tech for the brain,” he says.

The new line of research has been dubbed “affective brain-computer interfaces” by some, meaning electronic devices that alter feelings, perhaps under direct control of a patient’s thoughts and wishes. “Basically, we’re trying to build the next generation of psychiatric brain stimulators,” says Alik Widge, a researcher on the Mass General team.

Darin Dougherty, a psychiatrist who directs Mass General’s division of neurotherapeutics, says one aim could be to extinguish fear in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD. Fear is generated in the amygdala—a part of the brain involved in emotional memories. But it can be repressed by signals in another region, the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex. “The idea would be to decode a signal in the amygdala showing overactivity, then stimulate elsewhere to [suppress] that fear,” says Dougherty.

Such research isn’t without ominous overtones. In the 1970s, Yale University neuroscientist Jose Delgado showed he could cause people to feel emotions, like relaxation or anxiety, using implants he called “stimoceivers.” But Delgado, also funded by the military, left the U.S. after Congressional hearings in which he was accused of developing “totalitarian” mind-control devices. According to scientists funded by DARPA, the agency has been anxious about how the Subnets program could be perceived, and it has appointed an ethics panel to oversee the research.
Psychiatric implants would in fact control how mentally ill people act, although in many cases indirectly, by changing how they feel. For instance, a stimulator that stops a craving for cocaine would alter an addict’s behavior. “It’s to change what people feel and to change what they do. Those are intimately tied,” says Dougherty.

Dougherty says a brain implant would only be considered for patients truly debilitated by mental illness, and who can’t be helped with drugs and psychotherapy. “This is never going to be a first-line option: ‘Oh, you have PTSD, let’s do surgery,’ ” says Dougherty. “It’s going to be for people who don’t respond to the other treatments.”

DARPA article : http://www.technologyreview.com/news/527561/military-funds-brain-computer-interfaces-to-control-feelings/

 

References for the Ten Misconceptions of Memory Reconsolidation

References for the Ten Misconceptions of Memory Reconsolidation

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Excerpt from International Journal of Neuropsychotherapy Volume 3 Issue 1 (2015)

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